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Switching Conditions in SDH... Membership Required You must be a member to access this content.View Membership LevelsAlready a member? Log...

Synchronization and Timing Loop Presentation–mapyourtech... Membership Required You must be a member to access this content.View Membership LevelsAlready a member?...

Optical modulation for High Baud Rate networks…. 40G/100G  Speed Networks…… >> What is Higher-Order Modulation Method? A range of newly...

Four Wave Mixing (FWM) in WDM System.. >> Nonlinear Effects in High Power, High Bit Rate Fiber Optic Communication Systems...

How to Test a Fiber Optic System with an OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectomer) >> The Optical Time Domain Reflectometer...

Why is BER difficult to simulate or calculate?  For a given design at a BER (such as 10-12 and a line...

Why Receiver Sensitivity is so important for optical module? For Optical communication to happen, a receiver (essentially a photodetector, either...

Optical Amplifiers……….The Payback!! Optical amplifiers alleviate that problem by amplifying all the channels together completely in the optical domain; therefore, optical...

What,why and How of Pilot Tone in DWDM system? There have been many efforts to use pilot tones (i.e., small...

dBm:- A mathematical Interpretation. dBm definition dBm or decibel-milliwatt is an electrical power unit in decibels (dB), referenced to 1 milliwatt (mW). The...